BIOCHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS Question Papers (REGULAR,2007)

SET : 1

1. Define any two of the following:

a) Energy

b) Property

c) Work

d) Equilibrium

Differentiate between intensive and extensive properties with suitable examples.

2. Name the methods by which the thermodynamic properties of fluids are usually presented. Discuss any two of them.

3. A particular thermodynamic system has the following equations of state.

1/T = 5NR/2U; P/T = NR/V obtain the third equation of state of the system.

4. Discuss the importance of fugacity in thermodynamics.

Discuss fugacity and fugacity coefficient for pure species.

5. Define Lewis Randall and Henrys rule. Discuss the importance of above rules in brief.

Show that lim Υi = 1.0

6. Rate and equilibrium conversion of a chemical reaction depends of what parameters? How rate and equilibrium conversion varies in various situations. Give a suitable example to explain above.

7. Explain the Gaden classification from stoichiometric point of view the product formation in fermentation process.The following stoichiometric equation describes penicillin synthesis: 1.5 Glucose + H₂SO₄ + 2NH₃ + phenyl acetate penicillin G + CO₂ + 8H₂O the theoretical yield of penicillin is 1.2g (gram of glucose). Find out the molecular weight of penicillin G.

8. Some microorganism exhibit growth inhibition in the presence of excess oxygen. Assuming that the growth dependence on oxygen can be represented by µ = (µ_m . C_O2L)/(K_O2+C²_O2L/K₁). Where K_O2 is oxygen saturation constant K₁ is inhibition constant CO₂, L is dissolved oxygen concentration. Show that the specific growth rate (µ) reaches value a maximum (=/µ_m) at dissolved oxygen concentration of C_O2,L = [K_O2K₁]^1/2.

SET : 2

1. A reversible engine operating between a reservoir at 600K and the ambient atmosphere at 300K drives a refrigerator operating operating between 240K and the ambient atmosphere. Determine the ratio of energy rejected by both the devices to the ambient atmosphere to the energy absorbed by the engine from the reservoir at 600K.

2. Name the methods by which the thermodynamic properties of fluids are usually presented. Discuss any two of them.

3. Give an example of a fundamental relation.

What is an equation of state? How many equations state are usually presented. Discuss any two of them.

4. Discuss the importance of fugacity in thermodynamics.

Discuss fugacity and fugacity coefficient for pure species.

5. Define Lewis Randall and Henrys rule. Discuss the importance of above rules in brief.

Show that lim Υi = 1.0

6. What is a Le Chattelier’s Principle? Give suitable examples to explain above principle.

Discuss the effect of inert gas addition on conversion for various situations.

7. Explain the Gaden classification from stoichiometric point of view the product formation in fermentation process.

The following stoichiometric equation describes penicillin synthesis: 1.5 Glucose + H₂SO₄ + 2NH₃ + phenyl acetate penicillin G + CO₂ + 8H₂O the theoretical yield of penicillin is 1.2g (gram of glucose). Find out the molecular weight of penicillin G.

8. Write short notes

a) Elemental Balance

b) Heat Balance in substrate consumption.

SET : 3

1. An ideal gas is heated at constant volume until its temperature is doubled, then it is expanded isothermally till reached the original pressure. Finally, the gas is cooled at constant pressure, till it is restored to original state. Determine the network done per mole of the gas.

2. What is ideal gas? Name kinetic theory arguments.

Define thermodynamic properties, classify the thermodynamic properties. What is the use of such classification.

3. A particular thermodynamic system has the following the equations of state. 1/T = 5NR/2U; P/T = NR/V obtain the third equation of state of the system.

4. Discuss the importance of fugacity in thermodynamics.

Discuss fugacity and fugacity coefficient for pure species.

5. Prove the following:

a) f_i ^l = f_i ^sat = Ф_i^satP_i^sat

b) f_i = Ф_i^satP_i^satexp[V_i^l(P-P^sat)/R.T]

6. Rate and equilibrium conversion of a chemical reaction depends of what parameters? How rate and equilibrium conversion varies in various situations. Give a suitable example to explain above.

7. Explain the Gaden classification from stoichiometric point of view the product formation in fermentation process.

The following stoichiometric equation describes penicillin synthesis: 1.5 Glucose + H₂SO₄ + 2NH₃ + phenyl acetate penicillin G + CO₂ + 8H₂O the theoretical yield of penicillin is 1.2g (gram of glucose). Find out the molecular weight of penicillin G.

8. Assuming that cells can convert two thirds (wt/wt) of the substrate carbon (alkane) to biomass, calculate the stochiometric coefficients for hexadeacane utilization.

C₁₆H₃₄ + α₁O₂ + α₂NH₃ ------------- β₁(C_4.4H_7.3N_0.86O_1.2) + β₂CO₂ + H₂Oθ

SET : 4

1. Classify the following into intensive and extensive property with suitable explanation :

a) Total mass

b) Volume

c) Molecular weight

d) Density

e) Heat

f) Temperature

Define reversible process with suitable example.

2. It is desired to design a tank to store 10Kmol methane at 6MPa and 300K. Determine the size of the tank using the Red lich? Kwong equation of state. The critical constants of methane are
Pc = 4.6MPa and Tc = 190.6K.

3. Give an example of a fundamental relation.

What is an equation of state? How many eequations of state are there for a single component of simple compressible substance?

4. Prove the following:

a) V_i^id = V_i

b) H_i^id = H_i

c) V^id = Σx_iV_i

d) H^id =Σ x_iH_i

5. List the conditions under which Raoults Law is valid for VLE. Show that for above conditions. yiP = xiPisat (I = 1,2,3, ---- N)

Whether conditions under which, Raoults law is valid for VLE are realistic? Which condition is not realistic. Discuss modified Raults law.

6. The equilibrium constant for the reaction, CO(g) + 2H₂ (g) ---------- CH₃OH (g), at 400k is 1.737 supose a reactorwhich is maintained at 1Mpa and 400K is fed with a stoichmetric mixture of CO and H₂, estimate the equilibrium mixture.

7. Explain the Gaden classification from stoichiometric point of view the product formation in fermentation process.

The following stoichiometric equation describes penicillin synthesis: 1.5 Glucose + H₂SO₄ + 2NH₃ + phenyl acetate penicillin G + CO₂ + 8H₂O the theoretical yield of penicillin is 1.2g (gram of glucose). Find out the molecular weight of penicillin G.

8. Write short notes on :

a) Respiratory Quotient

b) Oxidative Phosphorylation