MICROBIOLOGY Question Papers (REGULAR, 2007) II

SET : 1

1. Discuss the following and how these processes proved to be a death blow to spontaneous generation theory :

a) Tyndalization

b) Pasteurization

2. Discuss the general characteristics of domain Bacteria, with suitable examples.

3. Explain why some single stranded RNA viruses have positive strands while others have negative strands. (R)

4. Discuss the steps in the process of penetration of bacteriophage into host cell.

5. Define assay. Explain various types of viral assays.

6. What are nutrients and on what basis are they divided into macro-elements and micronutrients or trace elements? Describe some ways in which macro-elements and micronutrients are used by an organism.

7. Define water activity and briefly discuss how it can be determined. Why is it difficult for microorganisms to grow at low water activity (aw) values.(R)

8. What are the various chemical agents that are used for control of microorganisms growth.

SET : 2

1. Discuss the discoveries of Redi, Needham, Spallanzani and Fredinand in disproving the theory of spontaneous generation.

2. Describe different methods of classification of bacteria.

3. Explains prions with examples.

4. Explain the entry of viruses into host cells.

5. Define assay. Explain various types of viral assays.

6. Define and explain autotrophs, heterotrophs and mixotrophs. Discuss their nutritional relationship and their carbon source?

7. Explain the influence of environmental factors on growth of microorganism.

8. Briefly explain how the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents varies with population size, population composition, concentration or intensity of the agent, treatment duration, temperature and local environmental conditions.

SET : 3

1. Describe the role of Lazarro Spallanzani and Fredinand Cohn in disproving the doctrine of spontaneous generation of microorganisms.

2. Discuss about the major characteristics used in classification of microorganisms.

3. Discuss about virus associated human cancers.

4. Discuss general steps in viral replication.

5. Define assay. Explain various types of viral assays. (R)

6. Write about the following :

a) Types of culture media

b) Pure culture methods

7. Define water activity and briefly discuss how it can be determined. Why is it difficult for microorganisms to grow at low water activity (aw) values.(R)

8. What are the various chemical agents that are used for control of microorganisms growth. (R)

SET : 4

1. As a microbiologist what is your concern about public health.

2. How PCR technique is useful in classifying bacteria.

3. Write short notes on :

a) Enveloped viruses

b) Icosahedral capsids.

4. Discuss general steps in viral replication. (R)

5. How is a one step growth experiment carried out? Summarize what occurs in each phase of the resulting growth curve. define latent period, eclipse period, rise period and burst size.

6. What are nutrients and explain the physiological functions of nutrients.

7. Write short notes on :

a) Acid – fast staining

b) Flagellar staining.

c) Spore staining.

d) Differential staining.

8. Briefly explain how the effectiveness of antimicrobial agents varies with population size, population composition, concentration or intensity of the agent, treatment duration, temperature and local environmental conditions. (R)