BIO CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS Question Papers (Supple, 2008, Nov)

SET: 1

1. Is it possible to prove the laws of thermodynamics? Describe in brief. (b) One mole of an ideal gas at 1.0MPa and 310K is heated at constant temperature till the volume is doubled again. Calculate the work done by the gas.

2. Name the methods by which the thermodynamic properties of fluids are usually presented. Discuss any two of them.

3. (a) What is the significance of the second law efficiency? (b) Define the second law efficiency of a process.

4. Prove the following:

a) V_i^id = V_i

b) H_i^id = H_i

c) V^id = Σx_iV_i

d) H^id =Σ x_iH_i

5. Show that when Lewis Randall rule is valid for one species in a linery solution, the Henrys law lis is valid for the other one.

6. Rate and equilibrium conversion of a chemical reaction depends of what parameters? How rate and equilibrium conversion varies in various situations. Give a suitable example to explain above.

7. Discuss in detail about the Thermodynamic principles.

8. Explain the aerobic production of a single extracellular product.

SET: 2

1. A reversible engine operating between a reservoir at 600K and the ambient atmosphere at 300K drives a refrigerator operating operating between 240K and the ambient atmosphere. Determine the ratio of energy rejected by both the devices to the ambient atmosphere to the energy absorbed by the engine from the reservoir at 600K.

2. It is desired to design a tank to store 10Kmol methane at 6MPa and 300K. Determine the size of the tank using the Red lich? Kwong equation of state. The critical constants of methane are
Pc = 4.6MPa and Tc = 190.6K.

3. (a) Give an example of a fundamental relation. (b) What is an equation of state? How many eequations of state are there for a single component of simple compressible substance.

4. (a) Discuss in brief heats of mixing, heats of reaction and heats of solution. (b) Show that heats of mixing are generally much smaller than heats of reaction.

5. Show that at equilibrium for a closed system, (dGi)T,P=0.

6. (a) Define reaction coordinate. What is its usefulness?
(b) For a system in which the following reaction occurs CH4 + H2o ---> CO +3H2,assume there are present initially 2mol CH4, 1molH2o, 1mol Co and4molH2. Determine expressions for the mole fraction yi as function of Є

7. (a) Describe the inter relationship amongst the metabolism, energy and redox processes.
(b) Explain the concept that ATP is the energy shuttle in the cell.

8. Discuss theoretical predictions of yield coeffiecients.


SET: 3

1. One mole of an ideal gas (Υ = 1.4) at 0.5 MPa and 300K (state 1) is heated at constant pressure till volume is downloaded (state 2) and then it is allowed to expand reversibly and adiabatically till the temperature is reduced to 300K (state 3). Calculate the heat and work interactions. If it is desired to restore the system fron state 3 to its original state by a reversible isothermal path, determine the amount of work to be done on the system.

2. (a) What is ideal gas? Name the two basic assumptions, which were made use of in deriving the ideal gas equation of state from kinetic theory arguments. (b) Define thermodynamic properties, classify the thermodynamic properties. What is the use of such classification.

3. A particular thermodynamic system has the following equations of state.

1/T = 5NR/2U; P/T = NR/V

Obtain the third equation of state of the system.

4. (a) Discuss the importance of fugacity in thermodynamics. (b) Discuss fugacity and fugacity coefficient for pure species.

5. (a) For VLE at low to moderate pressures, discuss the nature of equilibrium. (b) For VLE, show that yiØiP = xi ΥiP_i^sat (i = 1,2,---------N).

6. Consider a system in which the following reaction occur,

CH₄ + H₂O ----> CO + 3H₂ (1)

CH4 + 2H2O ----> CO₂ + 4H₂ (2)

Where the numbers (1) and (2) indicate the value of is the reaction index if there are present initially 2 mol CH₄ and 3 mol H₂O. determine expressions for the Yi as function of Є₁ and Є₂.

7. Discuss in detail about medium formulation.

8. Write short notes on:

(a) Respiratory quotient

(b) Oxidative Phosphorylation.

SET: 4

1. (a) Discuss limitations of first law of thermodynamics. (b) State alternative statements of first law of thermodynamics.

2. (a) What is ideal gas? Name the two basic assumptions, which were made use of in deriving the ideal gas equation of state from kinetic theory arguments. (b) Define thermodynamic properties, classify the thermodynamic properties. What is the use of such classification.

3. Show that for an ideal gas, (dE/dV)T = 0.

4.

5. Prove the following
(a) f_i ^l = f_i ^sat = Ф_i^satP_i^sat
(b) f_i = Ф_i^satP_i^satexp[V_i^l(P-P^sat)/R.T]

6. For the equililnium state of a chemical reaction, show that .−RT lnK = ΔGo.

7. (a) Explain the Gaden classification from stoichiometric point of view the product formation in fermentation process.
(b) The following stoichiometric equation describes penicillin synthesis: 1.5 Glucose + H₂SO₄ + 2NH₃ + phenyl acetate penicillin G + CO₂ + 8H₂O the theoretical yield of penicillin is 1.2g (gram of glucose). Find out the molecular weight of penicillin G

8. Discus in detail the heat evolved per equivalent of available electrons transferred to oxygen.