BIO PROCESS ENGINEERING Question Papers (Regular, 2005)

SET: 1

1. Discuss in detail about various microorganisms used as biopesticides

2. After a batch fermentation, the system is dismantled and approximately 75% 0f the cell mass is suspected in thw liquid phase (2 litre), while 25% is attached to the reactor walls and internals as a thick film. Work with radioactive tracers shows that 50% of the target product (intracellular) is associated with each cell fraction. The productivity of this reaction is 2gm product per litre at the 2 litre scale. What would be the productivity at 20,000 litre scale if both reactors had a height-diameter ratio of 2to 1.

3. Explain the factors to be considered for developing medium for animal cell culture.

4. Describe Arrhenius plot for the calculation of activation energy and derive an expression for heat sterilization of a pure culture at a constant temperture .

5. Explain the concept of degree of reduction its application in proton-electron balance in bioreactor.

6. Discuss about the partial oxidation and its end products with an example.

7. Enumerate the difference between the cell growth in batch and continuous cultures

Explain the kinetics of microbial growth.

8. Explain the substrate and product inhibition on the product formation with appropriate example.

SET: 2

1. Mention about regulatory constraints of bioprocess

2. What is asceptic operation and containment?

Describe a typical asceptic, aerobic fermentation process.

What is a sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors

3. Determine the amount of (NH₄)₂ SO₄ to be supplied in afermentation medium where the final cell concentration is 30mg/lit in a 1000lit culture volume. Assume that cells are 12% nitrogen by weight and (NH₄)₂SO₄ is the only nitrogen source.

4. What are the important information required for the design of batch sterilization process.

Define ‘Del factor’. Describe the calculation of del factor during haeating and cooling.

5. Discuss the concept of elemental balances with example using simplified biological conversion

6. Briefly discuss the following

(a) Energy capture efficiency

(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures

(c) Heat generation and yield factor estimation

7. Enumerate in detail various environmental conditions that effect the growth kinetics

8. Explain the difference between :

(a) Competitive inhibition and non-competitive product inhibition

(b) Growth and non-growth associated products.

SET: 3

1. What do you mean by down stream processing. Explain with flow chart

2. Derive an expression for estimating the heat transfer area required to obtain adequate temperature control in a fermentor

3. Explain use of water as an important constituent for fermentation.

Describe the use of buffers for media preperation in fermentation.

4. What are the consequences if a foreign microorganism invade a fermentation process.

Explain the methods to avoid this contamination.

5. Determine the rate of oxygen consumption and yield coefficients if ate of growth at exponential phase is r_x = 0.7 gdw/l-h in a batch reactor of 5000 litres volume with the growth of yeast on glucose as per the equation given

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 3O₂ + 0.48NH₃ --------------- 0.48C₆H₁₀NO₃ + 4.32H₂O + 3.12CO₂

Final yeast concentration of 50 gdw/l is required.

6. Give an overview of

(a) Aerobic & anaerobic metabolism

(b) O₂ consumption and heat evolution

7. Explain the procedure involved in the determinationof cell number density and cell mass concentration.

Give a short note on simple unstructure kinetic models for microbial growth

8. Explain the difference between :

(c) Competitive inhibition and non-competitive product inhibition

Growth and non-growth associated products

SET: 4

1. Draw and explain a typical fermentation process.

2. What is asceptic operation and containment?

Describe a typical asceptic, aerobic fermentation process.

What is a sparger? Describe different spargers used in fermentors.

3. Detrmine the amount of (NH₄)₂ SO₄ to be supplied in afermentation medium where the final cell concentration is 30mg/lit in a 1000lit culture volume. Assume that cells are 12% nitrogen by weight and (NH₄)₂SO₄ is the only nitrogen source.

4. What are the important information required for the design of batch sterilization process.

Define ‘Del factor’. Describe the calculation of del factor during haeating and cooling.

5. Determine coefficients a,b,c and d (where RQ = 0.66) along with the biomass yield coefficient and oxygen yield coefficient for aerobic degradation of benzoic acid by a mixed culture of microorganisms as represented by folllowing overall reaction

C₆H₅COOH + aO₂ + bNH₃ --------------------- cC₅H₇NO₂ + dH₂O + eCO₂

6. Give an oveview of

(a) Anaerobic and aerobic metabolism

(b) Oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures

7. Briefly explain the following

(a) Steady state biomass concentration

(b) Specific rate of oxygen consumption

8. Give a short notes on the product kinetics of

(a) Growth associated (primary)

(b) Non growth associated (secondary)