PROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES Question papers (Supple, 2008, Feb, RO5)

SET :1

1. State and explain with examples the following : Fouriers law of heat transfer; thermal resistance; momentum diffusivity.

Ethyl alcohol evaporates into air from an open cylindrical cup of 20cm diameter. In a particu;ar case the level of alcohol decreased by 5cm in 10 minutes. The specific gravity of alcohol is 1.36. calculate the mass flux.

2. What are the dimensions and S.I. Units of the following : density; force; viscosity and energy.

Michaelis equation relates the rate of enzymatic reaction (V, gm/cc. min,) with substrate concentration (S, gm/cc,) by the following relation:

V = Vm (S) / (K + S)

Where Vm is maximum reaction rate, a constant, and K another constant. What are the units of K and Vm? What will be the equivalent value of K in SI system if the same in CGS system is 0.2?

3. The vertical level difference in a simple mercury (sp.gr.13.6) manometer connected across an orifice is found to be 10 cm. Find the downstream pressure in bars when the upstream water pressure is 760 mm mercury.

What will be the vertical level difference if the manometric fluid is replaced by carbon tetrachloride (sp.gr.1.36) instead of mercury.

4. Describe plate and cone viscometer, with the help of a neat sketch.

5. Define and explain in brief the following :

a) Mach number

b) Asterisk condition

c) Stagnant temperature.

And give the assumptions to represent the compressible flow in mathematical models.

6. Derive Kozeny-Caraman equation.

7. What are the different types of valves? Explain them in brief.

8. Define pump and write the performance characteristics of a pump.

SET :2

1. a)What is the mole fraction of ammonium sulphate in a solution of 10 gm per 150ml of water.

b)An acetone water solution containing 45% acetone is to be distilled into a top product containing 95% acetone and a bottom product of 2% calculate the percentage of feed obtained as a distillate.

2. a)State van der waals’ equation of state? Explain all terms.

b)van der waals’constants of nitrogen gas are a = 1.39 lit² atm/mole² ; b = 0.03913 lit/mole. Calculate the pressure exerted by 50 lit of gas at 47 C. find the number of moles.

3. a)What is a compressible fluid.

b)with the help of a line sketch describe a simple manometer.

c)show that in a simple inclined tube manometer :

ΔP = R_i (ρ_A – ρ_B) Sinθ where ΔP is the pressure difference; Ri is the level difference of liquid in the manometer measured along the inclined tube; ρ_A and ρ_B are the densities of the manometric fluid and the fluid flowing respectively and θ is the angle of inclination of the tube to horizontal.

4. a)define absolute, reduced and apparent viscosity terms. State the units in CGS and SI systems.

b)Briefly write on the viscosity of a fermentation broth suspension.

c)Write on capillary viscometer for determining the viscosity.

5. A standard 1 inch-sch-40 horizontal steel pipe is used to conduct chlorine gas. The gas entered the pipe through a rounded entrance at a pressure of 6atm abs, a temperature of 120 C and a velocity of 35m/s.

a) What is the maximum possible length of the pipe.

b) What are the pressure and stagnation temperature of the gas at the end of the pipe at a maximum length? For Cl₂ Υ = 1.36 and M = 70.19

6. Explain Drag and drag coefficient giving all the relations and equations.

7. Give a brief explanation of flow measuring systems.

8. a)Define and explain briefly volumetric efficiency?

b)Write the working procedure of peristaltic pumps.

SET :3

1. Distinguish between the unit operations : extraction and leaching.

b)Compare and contrast biosynthesis with biodegradation.

2. a)What are the constants incorporated by van der waals’ in proposing the equation of state?

b) van der waals’ constant for hydrogen gas are a=0.2444 lit² atm/ mole²; b=0.266 lit/mol. Calculate the pressure exerted by 50 lit of gas at 27 C. Find the number of moles.

3. a)Water is draining through a nozzle (2.5 cm dia) at the bottom of a storage vessel. Find the rate of water to be added so that the level is kept constant at a level of 3m above the nozzle.

b)Apply Bernoullis equation for flow of fluid through converging nozzle (diameter ratio (0.5) and obtain the expression for pressure difference. What are the limitations?

4. a)How are non Newtonian fluids classified by their shear stress shear rate behavior illustrate with sketches.

b)Explain power law fluid. Show the rheological behavior.

5. Define and explain in brief the following :

d) Mach number

e) Asterisk condition

f) Stagnant temperature.

And give the assumptions to represent the compressible flow in mathematical models.

6. Catalyst pellets 5mm in diameter are to be fluidized with 45000kg/h of air at 1atm and 80 C in a vertical cylindrical vesse;l. the density of the catalyst particles is 960 kg/cubic meter their sphericity is 0.86. if the given quantity of air is just sufficient to fluidize the solids, what is the vessel diameter?

7. Give a brief explanation of flow measuring systems.

8. a)Give the differences between diaphragm pumps and peristaltic pumps.

b)How positive displacement pumps work, explain?

SET : 4

1. Briefly write on the following terms shear stress, Fick’s law of diffusion, heat flux.

2. a)What are the dimensions and S.I. Units of the following : density; force; viscosity and energy.

b)Michaelis equation relates the rate of enzymatic reaction (V, gm/cc. min,) with substrate concentration (S, gm/cc,) by the following relation:

V = Vm (S) / (K + S)

Where Vm is maximum reaction rate, a constant, and K another constant. What are the units of K and Vm? What will be the equivalent value of K in SI system if the same in CGS system is 0.2?

3. a)What is a compressible fluid.

b)with the help of a line sketch describe a simple manometer.

c)show that in a simple inclined tube manometer :

ΔP = R_i (ρ_A – ρ_B) Sinθ where ΔP is the pressure difference; Ri is the level difference of liquid in the manometer measured along the inclined tube; ρ_A and ρ_B are the densities of the manometric fluid and the fluid flowing respectively and θ is the angle of inclination of the tube to horizontal.

4. a)Define viscosity. Illustrate the Newtonians law with a neat sketch.

b)With the help of shear stress vs shear rate plots distinguish between Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids.

c)A Newtonian fluid of viscosity 0.7cp is held between two infinite plates separated by 0.04 cm. calculate the shear stress an the stationary bottom plate when the upper plate is moved with constant velocity of 30cm per second.

5. a)What is Mach number, subsonic and supersonic.

b)Derive equation for mach number of an ideal gas in terms of its acoustic velocity

6. Elucidate

a) Criterion for settling regime.

Sorry, im unable to provide u the complete paper as it is unavailable.