BIOCHEMISTRY Question Papers (REGULAR,2006)

SET-1

1. Describe the important monosaccharide and disaccharides of physiologic importance. Give their structural formulae with two examples.

2.

(a) Describe the conversion of pyruvic acid into acetyl-coA. How much energy is gained at various steps?

(b) Describe the general consequence of events in the citric acid cycle. Which steps are oxidative? What is the total input and output of the cycle?

3. What is oxidative phosphorylation? Write a note on the significance of the ADP-ATP high-energy cycle

4. What do you mean by protein? Explain the structure of protein.
5. Discuss the nitrogen cycle indicating the involvement of different type of enzymes in it. Explain the role of nitrogen cycle in maintaining the pool of biologically available nitrogen.
6. Write a detailed note on the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols mediated by c-AMP.
7. “Free energy is the most useful thermodynamic function in Biochemistry”- Illustrate your answer with suitable metabolic pathway
8. Discuss the Calvin cycle in detail and a note on the regulation of the Calvin cycle

SET-2

1. Give an account of the various polysaccharides found in animal and plant cells. Write a note on the biological significance of carbohydrates.
2. What is Gluconeogenesis? Describe the major metabolic pathways involved in this process. Write a note on its regulation.
3. What is Oxidative phosphorylation? Write a note on the significance of the significance of the ADP-ATP high-energy cycle.
4. (a) Discuss in detail Enzyme-catalyzed transamination.

(b) What is the role of the pyridoxal phosphate in the conversion of alpha-amino group alpha-ketoglutaride.

5. Explain how ammonia is incorporated into biomolecules? Discuss the role of glutamate and glutamine in this process.
6. (a) What are structural lipids? Give their structural characteristics.

(b) Which are the phospholipids that have ether-linked fatty acids. Give their structures and mention their physiological significance.

7. Enumerate the different stages involved in the extraction of energy from foodstuffs. Outline the major pathways involved in this process.
8. (a) Comment on the diversity of photosynthetic organisms.

(b) What are the primary photosynthetic pigments? Briefly discuss their chemistry.

SET-3

1. In what forms carbohydrates are stored in plants and animals. Give the structural formulae for the constituents concerned and write a short note on it.

2. (a) What do you mean by Glycolysis? Explain the phases of Glycolysis in short.

(b) Explain the fate of private under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

3. Describe the process of electron transport system in the mitochondria.

4. What do you mean by protein? Explain the structure of protein.

5. List out the branched amino acids indicating their structure and sketch the biosynthesis of any two of them. How are the pathways regulated?

6. What are the salient features of Fluid Mosaic Model of biological membranes? What is the physiological role of membrane proteins?

7. Enumerate the different stages involved in the extraction of energy from foodstuffs. Outline the major pathways involved in this process.

8. Explain how the dark reactions of photosynthesis have been elucidated. Discuss the pathway by which carbon dioxide is fixed into carbohydrate.

SET-4

1. In what forms carbohydrates are stored in plants and animals. Give the structural formulae for the constituents concerned and write a short note on it.
2. What is Gluconeogenesis? Describe the major metabolic pathways involved in this process. Write a note on its regulation.
3. Summarize the sequence of reaction involved in malate aspartate shuttle a glycerol phosphate.
4. What do you mean by ammonotelic animals? Explain Urea cycle.
5. Which one of the heterocyclic amino acids uses the precursors of purine biosynthesis? Sketch its biosynthesis and comment on its regulation.
6. How long fattyacids are biosynthesized in an animal cell in the cytosol. What is the role of acyl carrier protein?
7. What is glycolysis? Enumerate the enzyme-catalyzed reactions of anaerobic degradation of glucose. Comment on the energetics and regulation of this pathway.
8. Explain how the dark reactions of photosynthesis have been elucidated. Discuss the pathway by which carbon dioxide is fixed into carbohydrate.