Certain Substrates are insoluble in water. Examples are cholesterols, steroids, hemicellulose, cellulose etc.
In order to achieve their bio-conversion we use organic solvents such as benzene, toulene etc. Addition of detergents is also used.
Examples:
- Oxidation of Cholesterol using Pseudomonas species.
- Dehydrogenation of hydro-cortisone by Arthrobacter simplex.
- Reduction of Androstenedione to testosterone by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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