PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY-I (INORGANIC)

Brief introduction to I.P. and its contents, sources of impurities in pharmaceutical substances. Principles and procedure for the limit test of chlorides, sulphates, iron, lead and arsenic; test for purity (excluding assays) for the following compounds; aluminium hydroxide gel, barium sulphate, bismuth sub corbonate, calcium gluconate, ferrous sulphate, hydrogen peroxide, iodine, magnesium carbonate, potassium bromide, potassium permanganate and zinc oxide.
Major intra and extra cellular electrolytes, requirements and functions of the following inorganic ions in the human body, sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride, iron, copper, magnesium and iodine. Physiological acid base balance, electrolytes used in acid-base therapy, acids and bases buffers and their pharmaceutical applications.

Gastrointestinal agents: Acidifying agents, antacids, protective, adsorbents, and saline cathartics. Methods of preparation and uses of the following

• Acidifying agents; hydrochloric acid, sodium acid posphate.
• Antacids: aluminium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, magnesium carbonate (light and heavy), milk of magnesia, magnesium trisilicate and magnesium oxide.
• Protective and adsorbents: boric acid, zinc oxide, calamine, Kaolin, charcoal
• Saline cathartics: sodium potassium tartarate, magnesium sulphate, sodium phosphate.

Topical agents: Protectives, astrigents, antifungal, anti protozoal and antiseptics. Ammoniated mercury, borax, hydrogen peroxide, iodine, yellow mercuric oxide, potassium permanganate, silver nitrate, silver protein, sulphur, sodium per borate, alum, bismuth sub carbonate, bismuth sub gallate, zinc oxide, zinc sulphate.

Gases and repiratory stimulants: Oxygen, carbon dioxide, helium, nitrogen, nitrous oxide; non-essential and essential trace ions; dental products, anticaries agents, dentifrices; inorganic radiopharmaceuticals and their pharmaceutical applications. Inorganic radio opaque substances. Preparation and uses of the following reagents a) lithium aluminium hydride b) anhydrous aluminium chloride c) perchloric acid d) borotrifluoride e) ceric ammonium sulphate. Miscellaneous inorganic pharmaceutical agents : a) expectorants and emetics b) haematinics c) poisons and antibodies d) sedatives e) complexing and chelating agents. Principles and procedures involves in identification of simple salts.

Text Books:
1. Practical pharmaceutical chemistry by A.H.Beckett and J.B.Stenlake
2. Indian pharmacopoeia.
3. Text book of pharmaceutical chemistry by Bentley and Driver
4. Inorganic pharmaceutical chemistry by Rogers
5. Inorganic pharmaceutical and medical chemistry by Block, Roche, Sonie and Wilson.