ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Question Papers (Supple, 2007 Nov, RR)

SET :1

1. Discuss the characteristics of wastewater? Explain the various biological processes
used in the treatment of wastewater. [8+8]

2. Differentiate between packed column reactor and UASB reactor. [16]

3. Write short notes on: [8+8]
(a) In-situ bioremediation.
(b) Biostimulation.

4. Write short notes on: [8+8]
(a) Landfarming
(b) Composting.

5. “Leaching offers the greatest potential of metal recovery ”Justify the statement.
[16]

6. What are Biofuels? How these are produced? Explain with examples. [3+8+5]

7. What is biological detoxification? Explain its significance with examples? [4+12]

8. Give a list of toxic wastes in environment. What are their toxic effects and what
measures are to be taken to reduce their levels? [3+5+8]


SET :2

1. What are stabilization ponds? Explain the difference between aerobic and anaerobic stabilization ponds. [4+12]

2. Discuss about anaerobic wastewater treatment. [16]

3. “Bioremediation is emerging as the most ideal alternative technology for removing environmental pollution”. Justify the statement. [16]

4. Write short notes on: [8+8]
(a) Landfarming
(b) Composting.

5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using microbes in metal recovery? [16]

6. What are Biofuels? How these are produced? Explain with examples. [3+8+5]

7. Compare how different toxic compounds can be degraded using different strains of microbes. [16]

8. Write a detailed account on hazards caused by following chemicals and their detoxification methods. [8+8]
(a) phenols
(b) Urea
(c) Oxalates


SET :3

1. What are the major water pollutants in industrial wastewater? How do you treat industrial wastewater? [4+12]

2. Write short notes on (any two): [8+8]
(a) UASB reactor
(b) Methanogens
(c) Contact digester.

3. What is bioremediation? Explain giving suitable examples. [3+13]


4. Write short notes on: [8+8]
(a) Landfarming
(b) Composting.

5. What are the microbial strains used in bio leaching of metal extraction? Explain their mode of action? [8+8]

6. Compare the significance of using energy crops and microbes as source of energy? [16]

7. Write a detailed account on biodegradation of Xenobiotics? [16]

8. What are the biological agents used in hazardous waste management? [16]


SET :4

1. Differentiate between trickling filters and activated sludge process. [16]

2. What is anaerobic sludge digestion? Explain the various stages of anaerobic sludge digestion. [4+12]

3. Write short notes on: [8+8]
(a) Intrinsic bioremediation.
(b) Extrinsic bioremediation.

4. Write in detail about composting and the factors affecting it. [16]

5. “Leaching offers the greatest potential of metal recovery ”Justify the statement. [16]

6. Describe the applications of different biofuels? Write the scope of using them as renewable energy sources. [10+6]

7. Write a detailed account on biodegradation of Xenobiotics? [16]

8. Write short notes on any two: [8+8]
(a) Cyanide detoxination
(b) Role of Oxalates
(c) Toxic organics.

ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Question Papers (Supple, 2007)

SET :1

1. What are the characteristics of sewage? How do you analyse the various physical and chemical characteristics of sewage? [4+12]

2. What is sedimentation and what is its significance in sewage treatment? [3+13]

3. “Bioremediation is emerging as the most ideal alternative technology for removing environmental pollution”. Justify the statement. [16]

4. Write short notes on: [8+8]
(a) Landfarming
(b) Composting.

5. Write notes on any two [8+8]
(a) Bio hydro metallurgy.
(b) Biomineralisation.
(c) Microbial Minining.

6. What are Biofuels? How these are produced? Explain with examples. [3+8+5]

7. Write a detailed account on biodegradation of Xenobiotics? [16]

8. Write short notes on any two: [8+8]
(a) Cyanide detoxination
(b) Role of Oxalates
(c) Toxic organics.


SET :2

1. What is sewage? Explain in detail the various processes that are employed in the treatment of municipal sewage. [3+13]

2. Write short notes on (any two): [8+8]
(a) Sludge digestion.
(b) Sludge thickening.
(c) Septic tank.

3. Write a note on bioremediation of polluted sites. [16]

4. Write short notes on: [8+8]
(a) Soil piles.
(b) Prepared beds.

5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using microbes in metal recovery? [16]

6. What is biogas? What are its characteristics? Name and explain stages in its production along with the groups of bacteria responsible? [2+6+8]

7. Write a detailed account on biodegradation of Xenobiotics? [16]

8. Write short notes on any two: [8+8]
(a) Biodegradation of pesticides
(b) Biodegradation of Toxic organics
(c) Biodegradation of phenol compounds


SET :3

1. Discuss the characteristics of wastewater? Explain the various biological processes used in the treatment of wastewater. [8+8]

2. What are the functions of the following units in sewage treatment: [8+8]
(a) Septic tank
(b) Imhoff tank

3. Explain how environmental pollutant levels can be reduced by bioremediation methods. [16]

4. Write short notes on: [8+8]
(a) Landfarming
(b) Composting.

5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using microbes in metal recovery? [16]

6. Describe the applications of different biofuels? Write the scope of using them as renewable energy sources. [10+6]

7. Write a detailed account on biodegradation of Xenobiotics? [16]

8. Detoxification of xenobiotics is achieved by using biological methods what are the methods. [16]


SET :4
1. What is sewage? Explain in detail the various processes that are employed in the treatment of municipal sewage. [3+13]

2. What is sedimentation and what is its significance in sewage treatment? [3+13]

3. Write a note on bioremediation of polluted sites. [16]

4. Write short notes on: [8+8]
(a) Bioventing and Biosparging.
(b) Phytoremediation.

5. How are low grade Ores used for metal extraction using bacteria? [16]

6. What are the non conventional renewable energy sources? Why it is necessary to find new energy sources? Explain. [4+5+7]

7. Write a detailed account on biodegradation of Xenobiotics? [16]

8. Explain the various biotechnological approaches of hazardous waste management? [16]

ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Question papers (Regular, 2007)

SET :1

1. Define waste water and explain the characteristics of different types of waste water. [16]

2. Discuss the physical and process parameters used in UASB design. Explain with illustrative diagram. [16]

3. How will you assess the potential for successful biodegradation of organic and inorganic compounds? [16]

4. Discuss some novel technologies for the treatment of contaminated sites. [16]

5. Write short notes on the following:
(a) Thiobacillus ferrooxidans
(b) Thiobacillus thiooxidans
(c) Pseudomonas fluorescence
(d) Rhizopus arrhizus. [4×4]

6. What are the conventional and Non-conventional fuels? How the non- conventional fuels are environment friendly? Explain. [16]

7. Detoxification of xenobiotics is achieved by using biological methods. What are the Methods? [16]

8. Write notes on the following:
(a) Detoxification of toxic organics
(b) Role of GEMS in hazardous waste treatment. [8+8]


SET :2

1. Explain the aims and objectives of waste treatment by biological process. [16]

2. Discuss the physical and process parameters used in UASB design. Explain with illustrative diagram. [16]

3. What are the major waste types remediated by bioremediation and explain the requirement for bioremediation? [16]

4. Discuss some novel technologies for the treatment of contaminated sites. [16]

5. Biomining is the future need for environmental protection. How do you justify this statement? [16]

6. Write in detail about biogas production. [16]

7. Define biodegradation. explain with examples. How environment can be cleaned by Biodegradable methods. [16]

8. Explain the necessity of treating hazardous waste? What are the advantages of using microbes for the bio treatment? [16]


SET :3

1. Explain the following principles of biological treatment of wastewater.
(a) Microbial growth rates
(b) Microbial kinetics. [8+8]

2. Discuss in detail the anaerobic systems in waste water treatment. [16]

3. What is bioremediation and discuss the major considerations for managing a bioremediation project? [8+8]

4. Write short notes on the following:
(a) Land farming
(b) Bioventing
(c) Biosparging
(d) Biostimulation. [4×4]

5. Describe the importance of microorganisms involved in microbial transformation of metals. [16]

6. Write in detail about microbial enhancement of oil recovery. [16]

7. Define Recalcitant compounds. How these are formed? Explain how these can be
treated by biological methods? [16]

8. Write notes on the following:
(a) Cyanide detoxification
(b) Phenols bio-degradation. [8+8]


SET :4

1. Write short notes on the following:
(a) Biological filters
(b) Oxidation ditch
(c) Aeration
(d) Sludge disposal. [16]

2. Discuss the physical and process parameters used in UASB design. Explain with illustrative diagram. [16]

3. Define bioremediation and explain in brief the bioremediation systems. [16]

4. Explain with illustrative diagram the process principles and applications of packed bed bioreactor in liquid phase bioremediation. [16]

5. How microbes are useful in the extraction of metals from various sources? [16]

6. Explain in detail how microbes are useful in enhancing the oil recovery from oil wells? [16]

7. Write notes on the following:
(a) Role of methanogens in xenobiotic degradation
(b) Biological detoxification. [8+8]

8. Discuss biotechnological applications for hazardous waste management. [16]

ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Question Papers (Regular, 2006)

SET: 1

1. Differentiate between trickling filters and activated sludge process.

2. Distinguish between aerobic & anaerobic waste water treatment.

3. Write short notes on:

a) In situ bioremediation.

b) Bio-stimulation

4. Write short notes on:

a) Land farming

b) Composting

5. Write notes on:

a) Direct leaching

b) Indirect leaching

c) Microbes in mining

6. What are bio-fuels? How these are produced? Explain with examples.

7. Write a detailed account on biodegradation of xenobiotics?

8. Detoxification of xenobiotics is achieve by using biological methods? What are the methods.

SET: 2

1. Write short notes on any two:

a) Operational problems in trickling filters and their remedies.

b) Biochemical oxygen demand.

c) Acidity and Alkalinity

2. Write short notes on(any two):

a) Primary treatment of waste water .

b) Secondary treatment of waste water.

c) Tertiary treatment of waste water.

3. “Bioremediation is emerging as the most ideal alternative technology for removing environmental pollution”. Justify the statement.

4. Write short notes on:

a) Soil piles

b) Prepared beds

5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using microbes in metal recovery?

6. Write short notes on any two:

a) Natural gas

b) Solar energy

c) Biogas

7. Write a detailed account on biodegradation of xenobiotics?

8. What is the importance of Pseudomonas putida in hazardous waste control?

SET: 3

1. What are stabilization ponds? Explain the difference between aerobic and anaerobic stabilization ponds.

2. Explain the following:

a) Sludge drying and sludge conditioning.

b) Sludge lagooning

3. Write a short notes on bioremediation of polluted sites.

4. Write short notes on:

a) Land farming

b) Composting

5. What is microbial transformation of metals? Enumerate and describe the importance of micro organisms involved in it.

6. Write short notes on any two:

d) Natural gas

e) Solar energy

f) Biogas

7. Explain the importance of controlling pollutants? What are the advantages of using bio-systems in this process?

8. Explain the various biotechnological approaches of hazardous waste management?

SET: 4

1. What are stabilization ponds? Explain the difference between aerobic and anaerobic stabilization ponds.

2. Write short notes on :

a) Sloughing of filter

b) Sludge thickening and drying

c) Under drainage system of filters.

3. How is bioremediation useful in clean up of oil spills?

4. Write short notes on:

a) Land farming

b) Composting

5. What are the microbial strains used in bioleaching of metal extraction? Explain their mode of action?

6. What are bio-fuels? How are these produced? Explain with examples.

7. Compare how different toxic compounds can be degraded using different strains of microbes.

8. Write various examples of biotechnological applications of waste management?

ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Question Papers (Supplementary, 2005)

SET: 1

1. Differentiate between trickling filters and activated sludge process.

2. Explain the following:

a) Sludge drying and sludge conditioning.

b) Sludge lagooning

3. Write a note on bioremediation and discuss its constraints and priorities.

4. Write short notes on:

a) Land farming

b) Composting

5. Write notes on:

a) Direct leaching

b) Indirect leaching

c) Microbes in mining

6. Write short notes on any two:

a) Algal fuel

b) Oil industry in India

c) Gasohol programme

7. Write short notes on any two:

a) Mixed microbial degradation

b) Cam plasmid

c) Biodegradation of halogenated compounds.

8. Write different types of xenobiotic compounds, their toxic effects caused in the ecosystem? Explain their biodegradation.

SET: 2

1. Discuss the characteristics of waste water? Explain the various biological processes used in the treatment of waste water.

2. Write short notes on (any two):

a) Sludge digestion

b) Sludge thickening

c) Septic tank

3. What is bioremediation? Differentiate between intrinsic and engineered bioremediation.

4. Write in detail about composting and the factors affecting it.

5. “ Leaching offers the greatest potential of metal recovery”. Justify the statement.

6. Explain how microbes are useful in recovery of oil from oil wells.

7. Write a detailed account on biodegradation of xanobiotics?

8. Write different types of xenobiotic compounds, their toxic effects caused in the ecosystem? Explain their biodegradation.

SET: 3

1. Discuss the characteristics of waste water? Explain the various biological processes used in the treatment of waste water

2. Explain the following:

a) Sludge drying and sludge conditioning.

b) Sludge lagooning

3. What is bioremediation? Differentiate between intrinsic and engineered bioremediation.

4. Write short notes on:

c) Land farming

d) Composting

5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using microbes in metal recovery?

6. What are bio-fuels? How these are produced? Explain with examples.

7. What is biological detoxification? Explain its significance with examples?

8. What are the biological agents used in hazardous waste management?

SET: 4

1. Differentiate between trickling filters and activated sludge process.

2. Write short notes on :

a) Sloughing of filter

b) Sludge thickening and drying

c) Under drainage system of filters

3. Write a short notes on bioremediation of polluted sites?

4. Write short notes on:

a) Microbial methods of soil improvement.

b) Bio-fertilizer.

5. “ Leaching offers the greatest potential of metal recovery”. Justify the statement.

6. What are bio-fuels? How are these produced? Explain with examples.

7. Write short notes on any two:

a) Industrial effluents.

b) Mercury toxin

c) Detoxifying microbes
Explain the various biotechnological approaches of hazardous waste management.

ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY Question Papers (Regular, 2004)

SET: 1

1. Discuss the characteristics of waste water? Explain the various biological processes used in the treatment of waste water.

2. What is anaerobic sludge digestion ? explain the various stages of anaerobic sludge digestion.

3. Discuss the need and scope of bioremediation.

4. Explain how phytoremediation is helpful in waste water treatment.

5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using microbes in metal recovery?

6. Explain how microbes are useful in recovery of oil from oil wells.

7. “ Environment protection is the need of hour”. Justify the statement.

8. Detoxification of xenobiotics is achieved by using biological methods – what are the methods.

SET: 2

1. Compare the microbial activity process with that which occurs in a septic tank.

2. What is a septic tank? Draw and explain its working, starting its advantages and disadvantages.

3. Give the detailed methods of bio-stimulation of microbial activities.

4. Write short notes on:

a) Suspended bioreactors.

b) Composting.

5. Explain the mechanism of bioleaching and its applications.

6. What is biogas? What are its characteristics? Name and explain stages in its production along with the groups of bacteria responsible.

7. Write in detail about biotechnological advancements towards environmental safety?

8. Write various examples of biotechnological applications of waste management?

SET: 3

1. What are the major pollutants in industrial waste water? How do you treat industrial waste water?

2. What is Imhoff tank? Draw and explain its working along with its merits and demerits.

3. Discuss the role of the following microorganisms in cleaning up polluted soils.

a) Pseudomopnas aeruginosa

b) Trichoderma viridae

4. Solid sludge treatment enhances soil fertility. Explain.

5. What are the microbial strains used in bioleaching of metal extraction? Explain their mode of action.

6. Write short notes on any two:

a) Alkaligens.

b) Indian biogas digester.

c) Fermentation system in ethanol production.

7. Industrial effluents are the cause of health hazards. What are the biological ways of controlling them.

8. Write a list of toxic compounds and the microbial species used to detoxify them and their importance.

SET: 4

1. Write short notes on the activated sludge process along with its merits and demerits.

2. What is sludge and what are its properties? How is sludge treated and disposed?

3. Explain the various methods of in situ and ex situ bioremediation, giving suitable examples.

4. What are fixed bio-film reactors? Explain how these are used in waste water treatment.

5. What is microbial transformation of metals? Enumerate and describe the importance of microorganisms involved in it.

6. Explain the methods of producing hydrogen from bio-systems using microbes.

7. What is biological detoxification? Explain it with examples.

8. Write short notes on any two:

a) Interaction of man with environment

b) Detoxification of urea

c) Phenol – biodegradation.