GENETICS syllabus, JNTU (2007-2008)

UNIT I: PHYSICAL BASIS OF HEREDITY

Basic laws of inheritance mono-hybrid, dihybrid and tri-hybrid ratios, Modification of Mendel’s ratios due to gene interaction. Multiple factors of inheritance. Genes and environment, identification of the genetic materials - classical experiments. Hershey Chase, Avery McLeod etc,

UNIT II: ORGANIZATION OF GENETIC MATERIAL

Packing of DNA, organization of genetic material in prokaryotes, Eukaryotes. Euchromatin and Heterochromatin organization of Nucleosomes.

UNIT III: LINKAGE & RECOMBINATION

Chromosomal inheritance, the concept of linkage, cytological basis of crossing over. Mechanism of recombination, Transduction phenomena, Methods of transduction, Generalized, Specialized & Abortive transduction, Bacteriophages - lytic & lysogenic life cycle Discovery, Detection, Molecular mechanisms of transformation, transformation methods. Bacterial conjugation.

UNIT IV: MAPPING

Two point and three point testcrosses and gene mapping. Mapping of genes by tetrad analysis by mitotic crossing over.

UNIT V: CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE, ORGANIZATION & ABERRATIONS

Chromosome morphology, classification, karyotying. Special chromosome, chromosome aberrations, origins, types and cytogenetic effects.

UNIT VI: SEX DETERMINATION IN PROKARYOTES AND EUKARYOTES

Mechanism of sex determination in insect (Fruit fly) and plants (Melandrium), Sex factors in bacteria, F and HFr transfer, mechanism of transfer.

UNIT VII: SEX DETERMINATION IN HUMANS

Sex differentiation and developments in humans, Dosage compensation, Maryleons hypothesis, Sex linked disorders in human beings – Haemophilia, Fragile-x sndrome,

Down’s syndrome

UNIT VIII: EXTRA CHROMOSOMAL INHERITANCE

Introduction to extra chromosomal inheritance, examples of extra chromosomal inheritance. Petite phenotypes in yeast. Uniparental inheritance in algae.

TEXT BOOKS

1. E.J. Gardner, M.J.Simmons & DP Shustad. Principles of Genetics, 1991.

REFERENCES:

1. Genetics, Goodenough U, Hold International 1985

2. Genetics by Griffith.

3.Principles of Genetics, Gardner EJ, Snustad DP, 2002 2. Genetics by Strickberger

4. Essentials of Genetics (In genomics prospective), Hartwell, 2003

5. Principles of genetics-Robert H.Tamarin, Tata McGraw Hill.

6. Genetics from Genes to Genomes-Leland H.Hartwell, Leroy Hood,

Mc Graw Hill.

7. Concepts of Genetics- Vii edition-Wiliam S.Klug, Michael R. Cummings.