SYLLABUS 4 JNTU BME - APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

APPLIED CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

UNIT-I
Electro Chemistry: Conductance, Specific Equivalent and Molecular Conductance -Cell constant -Measurement of Equivalent Conductance –Galvanic Cell
Standard Electrode Potentials -Calculation of E. M. F of a cell –Determination of pH by E. M. F methods.

UNIT-II
Polymers: applications of Polyethylene, Teflon, PVC, Bakelite, Rubber -Natural Rubber.

UNIT-III
Lubricants and water Technology: Definition -Theory of Lubrication, properties of Lubrication. Nature of Impurities present in water, Hardness of water and its Determination, Different methods of Treatment of water- Lime soda, Zeolite, Ion exchange process- Analysis of water.

UNIT-IV
Biochemistry of Living Cell, Sub-cellular. Fractionation using the Differential Centrifugation Method. Functions of each Organelle, Transport of Substances across Biological Membrane Function. Redox potential, Oxidative phosphorylation.
UNIT-V
Chemical nature of Enzymes - study of the Properties of Enzymes and kinetics by Spectrophotometer. Diagnostic and therapeutic uses of Enzymes.

UNIT-VI
Carbohydrate, Protein & Lipid metabolism (Briefly), Nucleic Acid chemistry. Protein synthesis. Transcription and Translation, Replication, Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR) Immunological Techniques or Immunoassay – Radio Immuno Assay (RIA), Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Chemiluminiscence.

UNIT-VII
Blood Chemistry: Chemical Composition of Blood, Separation of Serum Proteins and lipoproteins by Electrophoresis and Ultracentrifugation Acid Base Balance and Biochemical Measurements of Acid-Base and Electrolyte status of the patients, Urine Analysis.

UNIT-VIII
General methods of biochemical analysis carried out in the estimation of blood constituents, such as glucose etc. Principles and different methods of chromatography – fluorometry, flame photometry, Automation and Biochemical Analysis. Applications of isotopes in biochemistry.

TEXT BOOKS
1. Robert Murray, Peter A. Mayes, Victor W. Rodwell, Daryl K. Granner, Harper’s Biochemistry, 26th Edition, McGraw-Hill Companies, February 2003.
2. Jain & Jain, Engineering Chemistry” Dhanpat Rai Publishing company,. New Delhi.

REFERENCE
1. Rao, N. Mallikarjuna, Medical Biochemistry, New Age International Pvt Ltd,2002.
2. Lalit M. Srivastava, Nibhriti Das & Subrata sinha, Essentials of practical Biochemistry, CBS Publishers, Ist edition, 2002

SYLLABUS 4 JNTU BME - ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY

ELECTRICAL TECHNOLOGY

UNIT I
DC MACHINES : Principle of operation of DC Machines- EMF equation – Types of generators – Magnetization and load characteristics of DC generators

UNIT II
D.C. MOTORS : DC Motors – Types of DC Motors – Characteristics of DC motors – 3-point starters for DC shunt motor – Losses and efficiency – Swinburne’s test – Speed control of DC shunt motor – Flux and Armature voltage control methods.

UNIT III
TRANSFORMERS : Principle of operation of single phase transformer – types – Constructional features – Phasor diagram on No Load and Load – Equivalent circuit

UNIT IV
PERFORMANCE OF TRANSFORMERS : Losses and Efficiency of transformer and Regulation – OC and SC tests – Predetermination of efficiency and regulation (Simple Problems).

UNIT V
THREE PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR : Principle of operation of three-phase induction motors –Slip ring and Squirrel cage motors – Slip-Torque characteristics – Efficiency calculation – Starting methods.

UNIT VI
ALTERNATORS : Alternators – Constructional features – Principle of operation – Types - EMF Equation – Distribution and Coil span factors – Predetermination of regulation by Synchronous Impedance Method – OC and SC tests.

UNIT VII
SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS : Principle of operation - Shaded pole motors – Capacitor motors, AC servomotor, AC tachometers, Synchros, Stepper Motors – Characteristics.

UNIT VIII
ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENTS : Basic Principles of indicating instruments – Moving Coil and Moving iron Instruments (Ammeters and Voltmeters)

TEXT BOOKS :
1. Introduction to Electrical Engineering – M.S Naidu and S. Kamakshaiah, TMH Publ.
2. Basic Electrical Engineering - T.K. Nagasarkar and M.S.Sukhija, Oxford University Press, 2005

REFERENCES :
1. Principles of Electrical Engineering - V.K Mehta, S.Chand Publications.
2. Theory and Problems of basic electrical engineering - I.J. Nagarath amd D.P Kothari, PHI Publications
3. Essentials of Electrical and Computer Engineering - David V. Kerns, JR. J. David Irwin

SYLLABUS 4 JNTU BME - BIOMEMS

BIOMEMS

UNIT-I
Introduction: history of MEMS, market for MEMS, overview of MEMS processes, properties of silicon, a sample MEMS process. Basics of Microtechnology: definitions and terminology, a sample process, lithography and etching.MEMS Biosensors: Bio Flow Sensors, MEMS Images. Introduction to MEMS Pro design software.

UNIT-II
Micromachining: subtractive processes (wet and dry etching), additive processes (evaporation, sputtering, epitaxial growth). Fundamental Devices and Processes: basic mechanics and electrostatics for MEMS, parallel plate actuators, pull-in point, comb drives.

UNIT-III
Fundamental Devices and Processes: more electrostatic actuators; MEMS foundries, Cronos MUMPs (multi user MEMS process). MUMPs Multi User MEMS Process: JDS Uniphase MUMPs processing sequence and design rules. MUMPs and SUMMIT: design rules; applications; micro hinges and deployment actuators.

UNIT-IV
CMOS MEMS: CMOS foundry processes, integrated IC/MEMS, MEMS postprocessing, applications. Cleanroom lab techniques: clean rooms, gowning procedures; safety, fire, toxicity; acids and bases; photolithography.

UNIT-V
MicroOptoElectroMechanical Systems (MOEMS): micro scanners, digital mirror display, retinal scanning display. Grating light valve, corner cube retroreflector, optical switches, other micro-optical devices.

UNIT-VI
Thermal Transducers: bimorphs, “heatuators”, cilia arrays. Piezoresistivity; Scanning Probe Microscopy: scanning tunneling microscope (STM), atomic force microscope (AFM).

UNIT-VII
Scaling Laws. Wireless MEMS: mechanical and electrical resonators, Q-factor, switches, filters. Power for MEMS: thin film batteries, micro fuel cells, energy fields.

UNIT-VIII
MEMS Packaging and Assembly: microassembly: serial and parallel, deterministic and stochastic; microgrippers: HexSil process; packaging techniques. The Future of MEMS: bioMEMS - neural implants, gene chips, diagnostic chips; MEMS in space; mechanical computers; invisible and ubiquitous computing.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. HSU, TAI RAN, MEMS AND MICROSYSTEMS Design And Manufacture, Tata McGraw-Hill,2002.
2. Rai-Choudhury, Prosenjit; Mems and Moems Technology and Applications SPIE 2000.

SYLLABUS 4 JNTU BME - DIGITAL DESIGN THROUGH VERILOG (ELECTIVE – III)

DIGITAL DESIGN THROUGH VERILOG (ELECTIVE – III)

UNIT I
INTRODUCTION TO VERILOG : Verilog as HDL, Levels of Design Description, Concurrency, Simulation and Synthesis, Functional Verification, System Tasks, Programming Language Interface (PLI), Module, Simulation and Synthesis Tools, Test Benches.
LANGUAGE CONSTRUCTS AND CONVENTIONS : Introduction, Keywords, Identifiers, White Space Characters, Comments, Numbers, Strings, Logic Values, Strengths, Data Types, Scalars and Vectors, Parameters, Memory, Operators, System Tasks, Exercises.

UNIT II
GATE LEVEL MODELING : Introduction, AND Gate Primitive, Module Structure, Other Gate Primitives, Illustrative Examples, Tri-State Gates, Array of Instances of Primitives, Additional Examples, Design of Flip-flops with Gate Primitives, Delays, Strengths and Contention Resolution, Net Types, Design of Basic Circuits, Exercises.

UNIT III
BEHAVIORAL MODELING : Introduction, Operations and Assignments, Functional Bifurcation, Initial Construct, Always Construct, Examples, Assignments with Delays, Wait construct, Multiple Always Blocks, Designs at Behavioral Level, Blocking and Non blocking Assignments, The case statement, Simulation Flow. iƒ and iƒ-else constructs, assign-deassign construct, repeat construct, for loop, the disable construct, while loop, forever loop, parallel blocks, force-release construct, Event.

UNIT IV
MODELING AT DATA FLOW LEVEL : Introduction, Continuous Assignment Structures, Delays and Continuous Assignments, Assignment to Vectors, Operators.
SWITCH LEVEL MODELING.
Introduction, Basic Transistor Switches, CMOS Switch, Bi-directional Gates, Time Delays with Switch Primitives, Instantiations with Strengths and Delays, Strength Contention with Trireg Nets, Exercises.

UNIT V
SYSTEM TASKS, FUNCTIONS, AND COMPILER DIRECTIVES : Introduction, Parameters, Path Delays, Module Parameters, System Tasks and Functions, File-Based Tasks and Functions, Compiler Directives, Hierarchical Access, General Observations, Exercises,
FUNCTIONS, TASKS, AND USER-DEFINED PRIMITIVES : Introduction, Function, Tasks, User- Defined Primitives (UDP), FSM Design (Moore and Mealy Machines)

UNIT VI
DIGITAL DESIGN WITH SM CHARTS : State Machine Charts, Derivation of SM Charts, Realization of SM Charts, Implementation of the Dice Game, Alternative realizations for SM Charts using Microprogramming, Linked State Machines.

UNIT VII
DESIGNING WITH PROGRAMMABLE GATE ARRAYS AND COMPLEX PROGRAMMABLE
LOGIC DEVICES : Xilinx 3000 Series FPGAs, Designing with FPGAs, Using a One-Hot State Assignment, Altera Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), Altera FLEX 10K Series CPLDs.

UNIT VIII
VERILOG MODELS : Static RAM Memory, A simplified 486 Bus Model, Interfacing Memory to a Microprocessor Bus, UART Design, Design of Microcontroller CPU.
TEST BOOKS :
1. Design through Verilog HDL – T.R. Padmanabhan and B. Bala Tripura Sundari, WSE, 2004 IEEE Press.
2. A Verilog Primier – J. Bhaskar, BSP, 2003.
REFERENCES :
1. Fundamentals of Logic Design with Verilog – Stephen. Brown and Zvonko Vranesic, TMH, 2005.
2. Digital Systems Design using VHDL – Charles H Roth, Jr. Thomson Publications, 2004.
3. Advanced Digital Design with Verilog HDL – Michael D. Ciletti, PHI, 2005.
4. Digital systems Design using VHDL – Charles H Roth, Jr. Thomson Publications, 2004.

SYLLABUS 4 JNTU BME - BIOMATERIALS (ELECTIVE – III)

BIOMATERIALS (ELECTIVE – III)

UNIT I
Properties of Materials. Classes of materials used in medicine: Metals, Polymers, Hydrogels Bioresorbable and Biodegradable Materials, Ceramics, Natural materials composites thin films, grafts, Coatings medical fibers and Biological functional materials, Smart materials, Pyrolytic Carbon for long-term medical Implants textured and Porous materials non-fouling surfaces

UNIT-II
Host reactions to : Inflammation, Wound healing and the Foreign body response.
Systemic toxicity and Hypersensitivity. Blood coagulation and Blood-materials Interactions. Tumorigenesis.

UNIT-III
Testing biomaterials:In Vitro assessment of tissue compatibility In vivo assessment of tissue compatibility. Testing of blood-materials interactions.
Degradation of materials in the biological environment: Effects of the Biological environment on metals, polymers and ceramics.

UNIT-IV
Applications of materials in medicine, Dentistry and Biology: Cardiovascular medical devices. Nonthrombogenic treatments and Strategies. Dental implantation adhesive and Sealants. Ophthalmologic applications-intraocular lens implants.

UNIT-V
Orthopedic biomaterials, Performance of drug delivery systems, Sutures. Burn dressings and Skin substitutes.

UNIT-VI
Artificial organs and tissues: Implantable cardiac assist devices. Materials for extracorporeal devices. Cochlear implants. Artificial red blood cell substitutes.

UNIT-VII
Sterilization of implants and Devices implants and Device failure. Surface properties with Biological responses. Implant retrieval and Evaluation.

UNIT-VIII
Standards development and regulation of medical products using biomaterials. Nano bio materials.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Biomaterials Science: An Introduction to Materials in Medicine Buddy D. Ratner, Frederick J. Schoen, Allan S. Hoffman, Jack E. Lemons
2. Hench L L Ethridgc E.C. Biomaterials, an interfacial approach, Academic press 1982

REFERENCE:
1. Bronzino J D, the biomedical engineering handbook CRC Press